Abstract: Fe-based alloy wear-resistant layer was fabricated on the surface of K360 steel by plasma transferred arc additive manufacturing technology. Optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction were used to observe and analyze microstructure and phase of wear-resistant layer. Microhardness tester and grain-abrasion testing machine were adopted to test microhardness and wear resistance of wearresistant layer and substrate, respectively. The results showed that there were no cracks and pores on the surface of wear-resistant layer and in the interface between wear-resistant layer and substrate, and well metallurgical bonding was achieved between wear-resistant layer and substrate. The average hardness of wear-resistant layer was 535.5 HV0.3 and the average hardness of substrate was 284.2 HV0.3.The hardness of wear-resistant layer was significantly improved than that of substrate. The relative wear resistance of wear-resistant layer and substrate was 1.56 under the same condition. The abrasive wear resistance of wear-resistant layer was significantly improved than that of the substrate. The wear-resistant layer was mainly composed of martensite and carbides, and carbides, such as \mathrmM_7 \mathrmC_3(\mathrmM=\mathrmFe, \mathrmCr), \mathrmM_23 \mathrmC_6, \mathrmMo_2 \mathrmC and \mathrmFe_2 \mathrmMoC, mainly existed in grain boundaries, which was one of main reasons why the wear-resistant layer has high hardness and well wear resistance.