K480镍基高温合金钎焊接头组织与性能

Microstructure and mechanical properties of K480 nickel-based superalloy brazed joint

  • 摘要: 采用Ni-Nb-W-Co-Cr-Al钎料对K480高温合金进行真空钎焊,通过扫描电镜和能谱分析研究了钎焊接头微观组织和钎焊保温时间对微观组织的影响,通过拉伸试验机研究了钎焊接头高温拉伸性能的变化规律。结果表明,在1 220 ℃×15 min镍基钎料可与高温合金粉末发生冶金反应生成致密完整的钎焊接头。钎焊接头主要由高温合金粉末颗粒、γ+γ′共晶相、含Si硼化物相和富Nb的Ni3Si相组成。与此同时,钎料中的Nb,W等元素向母材发生扩散生成(Nb,Ti)C和(Mo,W,Cr,Ni)3B2相。随着钎焊保温时间延长,合金粉末颗粒不断长大,接头中脆性化合物总量减少,含Si的硼化物逐渐由块状、条状转变为骨架状(Mo,W,Cr,Ni)3B2相,保温时间超过1 h,接头内出现大尺寸孔洞缺陷。保温时间为15 min时可获得最佳的接头性能,980 ℃高温拉伸强度为585 MPa,达到母材性能的90%以上。保温时间超过1 h后,钎焊接头高温拉伸性能出现下降趋势,其原因主要是由于(Mo,W,Cr,Ni)3B2骨架状结构和大尺寸孔洞缺陷的出现所致。创新点: (1)采用Ni-Nb-W-Co-Cr-Al镍基钎料钎焊K480合金,高温拉伸强度可达到母材强度的90%。(2)延长钎焊保温时间有利于接头内元素扩散,减少脆性化合物相,从而提高接头性能。(3)对于使用大间隙钎焊工艺的Ni-Nb-W-Co-Cr-Al镍基钎料,延长保温时间,接头内脆性化合物相总量降低,但含Si的硼化物相逐渐由块状、条状转变为对接头性能更加不利的(Mo,W,Cr,Ni)3B2骨架状结构,保温超过1 h时接头内甚至出现孔洞缺陷,接头性能呈现下降趋势。

     

    Abstract: K480 nickel-based superalloy was brazed with Ni-Nb-W-Co-Cr-Al nickel-based filler. Microstructure of the joints and effect of brazing holding time on microstructure were studied with scanning electron microscopy. The high temperature tensile properties were studied with tensile testing machine. A dense and complete brazed joint was formed with metallurgical reaction between nickel-based filler and superalloy powder at 1 220 °C for 15 min. The joint was mainly composed of high melting point alloy powder, γ+γ′ eutectic phase, boride phase with Si, and Nb-rich Ni3Si phase. (Nb,Ti)C and (Mo,W,Cr,Ni)3B2 phases were formed by diffusion of Nb and W elements to the base metal. With the extension of brazing holding time, the alloy powder particles grew up, and the total amount of brittle compounds in the joint decreased. However, the boride phase with Si gradually changed from block or strip to (Mo,W,Cr,Ni)3B2 skeleton structure. When holding time exceeded 1 h, large-size cavity defects appeared in the joints. When holding time was 15 min, the best properties of joint could be obtained, and the tensile strength at 980 ℃ was 585 MPa, which was more than 90% that of the base metal. When holding time exceeded 1 h, high temperature tensile properties of the brazed joints showed a downward trend, which was mainly due to the appearance of (Mo,W,Cr,Ni)3B2 skeleton structure and large-size cavity defects.Highlights: (1) K480 alloy was brazed with Ni-Nb-W-Co-Cr-Al nickel-based filler metal, whose high temperature tensile strength could reach 90% that of the base metal.(2) Prolonging brazing holding time was conducive to the diffusion of elements in the joint, which could reduce brittle compound phase and improve performance of the joint.(3) For the large gap brazing process with Ni-Nb-W-Co-Cr-Al nickel-based filler, with the increase of holding time, the total amount of brittle compound phase in the joint decreased, and the boride phase with Si gradually changed from block and strip to (Mo,W,Cr,Ni)3B2 skeleton structure, which had a worse impact on performance of the joint. When holding time exceeded 1 h, large-sized cavity defects even appeared in the joint, and performance of the joint showed a declining trend.

     

/

返回文章
返回