Abstract: Objective In order to solve the problem of that residual stress seriously affects mechanical properties and service life of metal parts. Methods By comparing advantages and disadvantages of existing residual stress relief methods, it aimed to show the unique advantages of electropulsing method in terms of reducing dislocation in this paper. Results Research status of removing residual stress by electropulsing method was summarized, and it was revealed that electron wind force and thermal compressive stress generated by pulse current were decisive factors of removing residual stress. Mechanism of electron wind force and thermal compressive stress promoting dislocation opening and accelerating dislocation annihilation was explained, so as to achieve the purpose of removing residual stress. Conclusion Shortcomings and improvement measures of removing residual stress by electropulsing method were pointed out, and development trend of removing residual stress by electropulsing method was pointed out, which provided a theoretical basis for further research and application of electropulsing technology.