Abstract: In order to study microstructure characteristics of new nickel-based alloy strip surfacing metal, microstructure of new nickel-based alloy EQNiCrFe-13 in X, Y and Z directions was characterized and analyzed by means of optical microscope and EBSD. The results showed that average grain size of Z plane of new nickel-based alloy submerged arc surfacing metal was mainly distributed in the range of 180~220 μm, showing equiaxed crystal characteristics. Average grain size of X plane and Y plane was mainly distributed in the range of 260~310 μm, showing obvious columnar crystal characteristics. Grain size of Z plane was obviously smaller than that of X plane and Y plane. Euler angles of grains in the three observation directions were basically the same. Grain orientations in Y direction were mainly 011<100> and 001<010>, and grain orientations in Z direction were mainly 001<100> and 011<100>. From analysis of the obtained grain size and orientation results, it was concluded that crystallization direction of new nickel-based alloy submerged arc surfacing metal was perpendicular to fusion surface, and grains had typical columnar crystal characteristics of vertical growth. Microstructure of surfacing metal had strong preferred orientation, and there were strong cubic texture and Gaussian texture inside.