5A06铝合金无支撑悬空TIG自动焊工艺

Unsupported suspended TIG automatic welding process of 5A06 aluminum alloy

  • 摘要: 基于悬空TIG自动焊接工艺工程化应用的实际工况背景,采用X光无损检测、金相观察技术分析了焊缝表面成形、焊缝内部及焊漏的质量情况;采用力学试验、扫描电镜测试技术分析了铣除焊漏与未铣除焊漏的常温、低温力学性能和断口形貌;基于试验研究的基础,开展了无支撑悬空TIG工程化应用的验证工作。结果表明,悬空TIG焊漏成形饱满,焊缝内部及焊漏均无焊接缺陷;未铣除焊漏的力学性能比铣除焊漏的焊缝较高,焊漏的存在一定程度上增强了焊缝的力学性能;在常温测试条件下,未铣除焊漏的接头断裂位置位于靠近焊缝的母材区,铣除焊漏的接头断裂位置位于熔合线;在低温测试条件下,2种状态的接头断裂位置位于熔合线,所有焊缝的断口形貌呈现韧性断裂特征;无支撑悬空TIG工程试件的本体取样性能测试结果同试验研究结果一致,工程化应用取得初步进展。

     

    Abstract: Based on actual working conditions of engineering application of suspended TIG automatic welding process, X-ray non-destructive testing and metallographic observation technology were used to analyze quality of surface formation of weld, internal weld and welding leakage. For both milled and unmilled welding leaks, mechanical properties at room temperature and low temperature, as well as fracture morphology, were analyzed by mechanical test and scanning electron microscopy testing technique. Based on experimental research, validation work was carried out on procedural application of unsupported suspended TIG. The results showed that formation of suspended TIG welding leakage was full, and there were no welding defects inside of weld and welding leakage. Mechanical properties of welded joints with welding leakage were higher than those without welding leakage, and presence of welding leakage enhanced mechanical properties of weld. Under room temperature testing conditions, fracture location of welded joints with unmilled welding leaks located at base metal zone near weld, while fracture location of welded joints with milled weld leakage located at fusion line. Under low temperature testing conditions, fracture position of welded joints in two states located at fusion line, and fracture morphology of all welds exhibited ductile fracture characteristics. The performance test results of unsupported suspended TIG engineering samples were consistent with experimental research results, and preliminary progress has been made in engineering application.

     

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