Prediction of carbon steel explosive welding interface morphology and analysis of the influencing factors

In order to improve formation mechanism and characteristics of wavy interface in explosive welding and explore quantitative prediction and analysis method of interface morphology, based on fluid elastic-plastic model and combined with several groups of steel/steel and titanium/steel explosive welding test results in this paper, effect of strength of base plate and impact strength of flyer plate on interface morphology were qualitatively analyzed, and quantitative calculation method of interface morphology was deduced quantitatively. The results showed that interface morphology was significantly affected by strength of base plate material and impact strength of flyer plate under the same welding conditions. Besides, an obvious flow limit point existed in the trend of specific wavelength with specific strength. Specific wavelength increased rapidly with the increase of specific strength before the flow limit point, while specific wavelength was less affected by specific strength and gradually stabilizes with the increase of specific strength after the flow limit point. Predictive formula of interface morphology that was constructed by taking specific strength as the main variable and combining fluid elastoplastic model and weldable window theory showed good qualitative analysis results in the explosive welding tests of steel/steel and titanium/steel materials. The method of taking specific strength as one of the main characteristic variables to analyze interface morphology of explosive welding had a certain reference value in metals with properties similar to carbon steel.Highlights: (1) The development characteristics of wavy interface in explosive welding were improved, and a flow limit point in the process of specific wavelength developing with specific strength was founded.(2) Based on fluid elastoplastic model and weldable window theory, a quantitative analysis formula between specific wavelength and specific strength of explosive welding interface was constructed.