6082-T6铝合金激光−MIG复合焊工艺与微气孔缺陷

Laser-MIG hybrid welding process and micro-pores defects of 6082-T6 aluminum alloy

  • 摘要:
    目的 旨在解决因焊接工艺参数较多、合理匹配难度大而导致的铝合金激光−电弧复合焊成形不佳、气孔率较高的问题。
    方法 采用控制变量法,对6 mm厚6082-T6铝合金板材进行了10组不同焊接工艺参数的激光−MIG复合热源焊接工艺试验;采用金相观察法确定了焊缝截面特征尺寸和微气孔尺寸及比例,分析了焊接工艺参数对焊缝形貌及微气孔的影响规律。
    结果 研究结果表明,激光功率、焊接电流、焊接速度通过影响总的焊接热输入改变焊缝截面形貌,焊接热输入存在1个峰值5.4 kJ/m,在峰值前,随着热输入增加,熔宽、熔深、余高和焊缝截面积均增加,达到峰值后,截面尺寸各特征值出现下降趋势。
    结论 光斑直径为0.8 mm、热输入为5.45 kJ/m时,气孔率及气孔平均面积均最小。

     

    Abstract: Objective The aim is to solve the problems of poor formation and higher porosity caused by many process parameters and difficulty for reasonable matching in laser-arc hybrid welding of aluminum alloy. Methods Control variable method is adopted to conduct 10 sets of laser-MIG hybrid welding experiments on 6 mm-thick 6082-T6 aluminum alloy sheets under various welding parameters. Characteristic size of weld section and size and proportion of micro-pores are determined via metallographic observation, and influence of welding parameters on weld morphology and micro-pores is analyzed. Results The experimental results show that laser power, welding current and welding speed change cross-sectional morphology of weld by affecting the total welding heat input. Welding heat input has a peak value of 5.4 kJ/m. Before the peak value, as the heat input increases, weld width, penetration, reinforcement and cross-sectional area of weld all increase. After reaching peak value, characteristic values of cross-sectional size show a downward trend. Conclusion When diameter of light spot is 0.8 mm and heat input is 5.45 kJ/m, porosity and average area of pores are the smallest.

     

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