Abstract: Objective In order to improve back shielding effect of welding austenitic stainless steel pipe in large-scale liquefied natural gas project, a technology scheme using back liner is proposed to improve welding production efficiency. Methods In this paper, for ASTM A358 304L austenitic stainless steel pipe at a designed service temperature of −196 ℃, GTAW process scheme filled with inert shielding gas in the pipe is abandoned, and circumferential welding test of GTAW with no backing gas (NBG-GTAW) is carried out by pasting glass fiber weld backing tape on the inner wall of the pipe, which greatly improves welding production efficiency. Results The detection and analysis results of visual inspection, nondestructive testing, microstructure, mechanical properties and ferritic content show that morphology of welded joints is well and reinforcement height is appropriate, back of weld is not oxidized and penetration depth is sufficient, and no obvious welding defects is found. In addition, welded joints have good tensile strength, low temperature impact toughness and intergranular corrosion resistance, which fully meets the strict requirements of LNG projects. Conclusion NBG-GTAW process can be widely used for welding of austenitic stainless steel pipes in LNG construction projects servicing in ultra-low temperature environment.