CoCrFeNiMn高熵合金中间层连接铝/钛异种金属电阻点焊接头的组织与性能

Microstructure and mechanical properties of Al/Ti dissimilar metal resistance spot welded joints with CoCrFeNiMn HEA interlayer

  • 摘要:
    目的 使用CoCrFeNiMn高熵合金(HEA)在电阻点焊连接中作为中间层,将TC4钛合金与AA6061-T6铝合金进行焊接,旨在推动HEA在铝/钛异种金属焊接中的应用。
    方法 采用电阻点焊方法对激光熔覆了CoCrFeNiMn HEA的TC4钛合金与AA6061-T6铝合金进行搭接试验,利用扫描电镜和光学显微镜分析接头的微观组织及断口特征。在室温下进行拉伸试验和维氏硬度试验评估接头的力学性能。
    结果 CoCrFeNiMn HEA在TC4钛合金表面润湿性良好,Ti/HEA界面形成约80 μm厚的结合区,避免了Ti-Al金属间化合物(IMCs)的形成。随着焊接电流和焊接时间的增加,焊接接头焊点直径增大,但接头的抗拉剪载荷先升高后降低,最大值为2.1627 kN。Al/HEA界面形成了3 μm厚的锯齿状反应层。HEA熔覆层呈梯度结构,靠近钛侧的等轴晶组织较大,Ti含量较高。Ti/HEA界面富集Ti,Ni和Fe元素,结合区厚度约90 μm。
    结论 采用激光熔覆的CoCrFeNiMn HEA作为中间层实现了铝/钛异种金属的电阻点焊连接。焊接接头在适当焊接电流下具有良好的力学性能,但过高的焊接电流会导致铝板的飞溅及减薄问题。结合区未形成传统的Ti-Al IMCs,而是生成了稳定的固溶体层,验证了高熵合金在铝/钛焊接中的应用潜力。

     

    Abstract: Objective CoCrFeNiMn high-entropy alloy (HEA) was used as an interlayer for resistance spot welding of TC4 titanium alloy and AA6061-T6 aluminum alloy, aiming to promote the application of HEA in Al/Ti dissimilar metal welding. Methods Resistance spot welding experiments were conducted on TC4 titanium alloy coated with a laser-cladded CoCrFeNiMn HEA layer and AA6061-T6 aluminum alloy. Microstructure and fracture characteristics of welded joints were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and optical microscopy. Mechanical properties of welded joints were evaluated through tensile testing and Vickers hardness testing at room temperature. Results CoCrFeNiMn HEA exhibited good wettability on the surface of TC4 titanium alloy, forming a bonding zone approximately 80 μm thickness at the interface of Ti/HEA, which prevented the formation of Ti-Al intermetallic compounds (IMCs). As welding current and welding time increased, diameter of weld nugget in welded joints grew, while tensile-shear load of welded joints first increased and then decreased, peaking at 2.1627 kN. A 3 μm thick serrated reaction zone was observed at the interface of Al/HEA. HEA cladding layer exhibited a gradient structure, with larger equiaxed grains and higher Ti content near the titanium side. Ti/HEA interface showed enrichment of Ti, Ni, and Fe elements, with a bonding zone thickness of approximately 90 μm. Conclusion The laser-cladded CoCrFeNiMn HEA served as an interlayer for resistance spot welding of Al/Ti dissimilar metals. Welded joints demonstrated good mechanical performance under appropriate welding current, while excessive welding current led to issues such as splashing and thinning of aluminum plates. Bonding zone formed a stable solid-solution layer instead of conventional Ti-Al IMCs, validating the potential of high-entropy alloys in Al/Ti welding applications.

     

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