机器人型钢等离子/激光切割生产线设计及关键技术分析

Design of robotic section steel plasma/laser cutting production line and analysis of its key technologies

  • 摘要:
    目的 针对传统型钢切割工艺效率低下、精度不足等问题,文中设计了一种机器人型钢自动切割生产线,并对其关键技术进行了深入研究。
    方法 该生产线采用等离子切割工艺,兼具激光切割功能,能够实现型钢的快速切断、开孔划线、端部坡口切割等多种加工任务,并具备自动喷印划线功能。生产线通过多个功能单元的协同作业,实现了从上料、输送、夹持、切割到出料的全流程自动化。系统设计中引入了激光检测装置,能够对原材料的变形进行三维检测,并自动修正切割轨迹,确保加工精度。此外,通过三维型材套料软件和机器人参数标定与补偿技术,进一步优化了切割路径和机器人运动精度。
    结果 试验结果表明,该生产线在切割效率和精度方面均满足技术要求,能够高效完成多种规格型钢的切割任务,具有良好的运动平稳性和广泛的型材兼容性。
    结论 该研究为海洋工程、钢结构建筑等领域型钢加工的智能化提供了技术支持,具有重要的现实意义。

     

    Abstract: Objective Addressing the problem of low efficiency and insufficient precision of traditional section steel cutting processes. This paper designs an automated robotic section steel cutting production line and conducts in-depth research on its key technologies. Methods The production line employs plasma cutting technology with integrated laser cutting function, enabling multiple process functions, such as rapid cutting, drilling/marking, end-beveling and automatic spray marking of section steel. Through coordinated operation of multiple functional units, production line achieves full automation from material feeding, conveying, clamping, cutting to discharging. A laser detection system which is added performs 3D deformation detection on raw materials and automatically corrects cutting trajectories to ensure machining accuracy. The integration of 3D profile nesting software and robot parameter calibration and compensation technology further optimizes cutting paths and enhances robotic motion precision. Results Experimental results confirm that the production line meets technical requirements in both cutting efficiency and accuracy, enabling efficiently complets cutting tasks of structural steel with multiple specification, which has smooth operation and broad compatibility of structural steel. Conclusion This research provides technical support for intelligent processing of section steel in marine engineering, steel structure construction and so on, offering significant practical value.

     

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