激光送粉增材制造TC4合金的组织与性能

Microstructure and mechanical properties of TC4 alloy produced by laser metal deposition

  • 摘要:
    目的 旨在解决水下装备用TC4钛合金在传统锻造与铸造工艺中存在的问题,探究激光送粉增材制造(Laser metal deposition, LMD)技术制备该合金的可行性,为深海装备选材提供依据。
    方法 采用LMD技术制备TC4钛合金,分析其微观组织特征,通过纳米压痕、拉伸试验及冲击试验测试力学性能,并与传统轧制态TC4进行对比。
    结果 LMD制备的TC4组织结构特征为板条状α'马氏体组织,与轧制态TC4等轴晶粒差异显著,β相含量极低。LMD制备的TC4合金纳米硬度达6.65 GPa,远高于轧制态的 1.54 GPa,抗拉强度为1059.4 MPa,断后伸长率为10.6%,冲击韧性为43 J,虽然略低于轧制态的59.5 J,但符合国家标准。
    结论 LMD制备的TC4钛合金力学性能满足深海装备严苛要求,部分关键性能优于传统材料,对推动深海装备技术发展具有重要意义。

     

    Abstract: Objective The aim is to solve the problems of TC4 titanium alloy for underwater equipment in traditional forging and casting processes, to explore the feasibility of preparing TC4 alloy by laser melting deposition (LMD), providing a basis for material selection of deep-sea equipment. Methods TC4 titanium alloy is fabricated by LMD technology, the microstructural characteristics is analyzed, and its mechanical properties are evaluated using nanoindentation, tensile test and impact test. A comparative analysis are also conducted with conventional rolled TC4. Results The LMD-prepared TC4 alloy exhibits a unique lath-like α' martensite microstructure, which is significantly different from the equiaxed grains of rolled TC4, the content of β phase is extremely low. The LMD-prepared TC4 alloy exhibits a nanoindentation hardness of 6.65 GPa, much higher than 1.54 GPa of rolled TC4, which achieves a tensile strength of 1 059.4 MPa, elongation after fracture of 10.6% and impact toughness of 43 J. Despite being slightly lower than the 59.5 J of the rolled alloy, the impact toughness of LMD-prepared TC4 satisfies the relevant national standards. Conclusion The LMD-prepared TC4 titanium alloy can meet the strict application requirements of deep-sea equipment, and its key mechanical properties are superior to those of traditional materials. This research is of great significance for promoting the technological development of deep-sea equipment.

     

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